[BUNJANG] Late Qing Dynasty Guangming Shijie Coin with Eight-Star Emblem / 청나라 말기 광명세계 압인전 배 팔성
[BUNJANG] Late Qing Dynasty Guangming Shijie Coin with Eight-Star Emblem / 청나라 말기 광명세계 압인전 배 팔성

[BUNJANG] Late Qing Dynasty Guangming Shijie Coin with Eight-Star Emblem / 청나라 말기 광명세계 압인전 배 팔성

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## Historical Background

This small coin was minted during the late 19th to early 20th century, a period when Western mechanical minting technology was introduced to China. Due to the absence of official records regarding its exchange rate or a confirmed issuer, its exact origin as a currency remains historically unestablished. Current scholarship within Chinese and Korean numismatic circles, based on the era's context, hypothesizes several possible origins:

* **Rebel Coin Theory:** This theory suggests that during the chaotic late Qing Dynasty, anti-Qing secret societies or revolutionary rebels, advocating for the restoration of the Ming Dynasty ('Fan Qing Fu Ming'), created these coins to promote their vision of a 'Guangming Shijie' (World of Brightness) as a political slogan.
* **Puyi Accession Commemorative Coin Theory:** It's hypothesized that these coins were privately or locally minted in small quantities to commemorate the accession of Puyi, the last emperor of the Qing Dynasty, in 1908, wishing for a bright future under his reign.
* **Buddhist Coin and Huāqián Theory:** The term 'Guangming' (Brightness) has Buddhist connotations. This analysis suggests the coins were created for religious purposes by temples or as amulets ('Huāqián' - decorative coins) for good fortune by the populace.
* **Advertising Coin Theory:** Another hypothesis is that early merchants or private commercial entities who acquired early mechanical minting machines produced these commercial tokens for promotional purposes.

## Collectible Value

While adopting the design of traditional Chinese cash coins, this piece was manufactured using a modern mechanical minting process, rather than the traditional casting method. The obverse features the inscription 'Guangming Shijie' (光明世界), and the reverse is stamped with an 'Eight-Star' (八星) emblem. Despite not being official currency, it clearly showcases the influence of Western minting techniques introduced to China in the late 19th century. As a coin with an unconfirmed origin, it holds significant value as an object of numismatic research.

## Specifications

* Diameter: 17mm
* Weight: 1.04g

​1. 역사적 배경
​19세기 말~20세기 초 서양의 기계식 압인 기술이 중국에 도입되던 시기에 제작된 소형 동전입니다. 중앙 호부나 지방 관영 주전소의 공식적인 발행 기록과 교환 비율에 대한 문헌이 남아있지 않아, 화폐사적으로 정확한 주조 주체가 확립되지 않았습니다. 현재 한·중 고전(古錢) 수집계 및 학계에서는 당시의 시대적 정황에 근거하여 다음의 여러 가설로 발행 배경을 추정하고 있습니다.

​반군 주화설: 청말 혼란기 당시 반청복명(反淸復明)을 주도하던 비밀결사나 혁명 반군 세력이 새로운 세상을 기원하는 정치적 슬로건으로 '광명세계'를 내세워 자체 제작한 주화라는 가설입니다.

​푸이 즉위 기념 주화설: 1908년 청나라의 마지막 황제 선통제(푸이)가 즉위할 당시, 새 황제 치하의 밝은 미래를 기원하며 민간이나 지방 관아에서 소량 제작한 기념 주화라는 가설입니다.

​불교 주화 및 화전(花錢)설: '광명'이라는 불교적 용어를 차용하여, 사찰 등에서 종교적 목적이나 민간의 기복을 위해 만든 부적 형태의 엽전(화전)이라는 분석입니다.

​광고 코인설: 근대식 기계 압인기를 들여온 초기 상단이나 민간 상업 자본이 판촉용으로 발행한 상업용(토큰) 동전이라는 가설입니다.

​2. 수집적 가치
​전통적인 엽전의 디자인을 취하고 있으나, 쇳물을 부어 만드는 전통 주물 방식이 아닌 근대식 기계 압인 공법으로 제조된 과도기적 동전입니다.
​앞면에는 '광명세계(光明世界)' 명문이, 뒷면에는 8개의 별 문양인 '팔성(八星)' 기호가 압인되어 있습니다.
정규 통화가 아님에도 불구하고 19세기 말 중국에 유입된 서구식 압인 기술의 흔적을 명확히 보여주며, 기원이 완전히 규명되지 않은 미스터리 동전으로서 화폐사적 연구 대상이 되는 주화입니다.

​3. 제원
​지름: 17mm, ​무게: 1.04g

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